Fixes issue #50

- Unbounded Replay Cache: Now bounded to 10,000 entries with automatic cleanup
- Session Pool Leaks: Proper object lifecycle prevents accumulation
- HTTP Client Leaks: Reusable clients eliminate connection overhead
- Goroutine Leaks: Tracked lifecycle with graceful shutdown

helpers.go

@@ -123,19 +123,24 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) exchangeTokens(ctx context.Context, grantType string, code
 		data.Set("refresh_token", codeOrToken)
 	}
 
-	// Create a cookie jar for this request to handle redirects with cookies
-	jar, _ := cookiejar.New(nil)
-	client := &http.Client{
-		Transport: t.httpClient.Transport,
-		Timeout:   t.httpClient.Timeout,
-		CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
-			// Always follow redirects for OIDC endpoints
-			if len(via) >= 50 {
-				return fmt.Errorf("stopped after 50 redirects")
-			}
-			return nil
-		},
-		Jar: jar,
+	// Use the reusable token HTTP client, fallback to creating one if not initialized
+	client := t.tokenHTTPClient
+	if client == nil {
+		// Fallback for tests or incomplete initialization - create a temporary client
+		// with the same behavior as the original implementation
+		jar, _ := cookiejar.New(nil)
+		client = &http.Client{
+			Transport: t.httpClient.Transport,
+			Timeout:   t.httpClient.Timeout,
+			CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
+				// Always follow redirects for OIDC endpoints
+				if len(via) >= 50 {
+					return fmt.Errorf("stopped after 50 redirects")
+				}
+				return nil
+			},
+			Jar: jar,
+		}
 	}
 
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", t.tokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))

jwt.go

@@ -17,26 +17,14 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	replayCacheMu sync.Mutex
-	replayCache   = make(map[string]time.Time)
+	replayCache   *Cache // Replace unbounded map with bounded Cache
 )
 
-// cleanupReplayCache iterates through the replay cache and removes entries
-// whose expiration time is before the current time. This function should be
-// called periodically to prevent the cache from growing indefinitely.
-// It acquires a mutex to ensure thread safety during cleanup.
-// SECURITY FIX: Add proper locking protection for cleanupReplayCache
-func cleanupReplayCache() {
-	now := time.Now()
-	// SECURITY FIX: Use safe iteration with proper locking
-	toDelete := make([]string, 0)
-	for token, expiry := range replayCache {
-		if expiry.Before(now) {
-			toDelete = append(toDelete, token)
-		}
-	}
-	// Delete expired entries
-	for _, token := range toDelete {
-		delete(replayCache, token)
+// initReplayCache initializes the global replay cache with size limit
+func initReplayCache() {
+	if replayCache == nil {
+		replayCache = NewCache()
+		replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000) // Set size limit to 10,000 entries
 	}
 }
 
@@ -135,11 +123,12 @@ func parseJWT(tokenString string) (*JWT, error) {
 // Parameters:
 //   - issuerURL: The expected issuer URL (e.g., "https://accounts.google.com").
 //   - clientID: The expected audience value (the client ID of this application).
+//   - skipReplayCheck: If true, skips JTI replay detection (used for revalidation of cached tokens).
 //
 // Returns:
 //   - nil if all standard claims are valid.
 //   - An error describing the first validation failure encountered.
-func (j *JWT) Verify(issuerURL, clientID string) error {
+func (j *JWT) Verify(issuerURL, clientID string, skipReplayCheck ...bool) error {
 	// Validate algorithm to prevent algorithm switching attacks
 	alg, ok := j.Header["alg"].(string)
 	if !ok {
@@ -195,7 +184,10 @@ func (j *JWT) Verify(issuerURL, clientID string) error {
 	}
 
 	// Implement replay protection by checking the jti (JWT ID)
-	if jti, ok := claims["jti"].(string); ok {
+	// Skip replay check if explicitly requested (for revalidation scenarios)
+	shouldSkipReplay := len(skipReplayCheck) > 0 && skipReplayCheck[0]
+
+	if jti, ok := claims["jti"].(string); ok && !shouldSkipReplay {
 		// Skip replay detection for tokens that are being verified from the cache
 		if j.Token == "" {
 			// This is a parsed JWT without the original token string,
@@ -203,15 +195,15 @@ func (j *JWT) Verify(issuerURL, clientID string) error {
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		// SECURITY FIX: Implement thread-safe replay cache operations with proper locking
+		// SECURITY FIX: Use bounded Cache with thread-safe operations
 		replayCacheMu.Lock()
-		defer replayCacheMu.Unlock() // Ensure unlock happens even if panic occurs
+		defer replayCacheMu.Unlock()
 
-		// SECURITY FIX: Clean up expired entries safely
-		cleanupReplayCache()
+		// Initialize cache if not already done
+		initReplayCache()
 
-		// SECURITY FIX: Check for replay attack with atomic operation
-		if _, exists := replayCache[jti]; exists {
+		// SECURITY FIX: Check for replay attack using Cache API
+		if _, exists := replayCache.Get(jti); exists {
 			return fmt.Errorf("token replay detected")
 		}
 
@@ -224,8 +216,11 @@ func (j *JWT) Verify(issuerURL, clientID string) error {
 			expTime = time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute)
 		}
 
-		// SECURITY FIX: Add to replay cache atomically
-		replayCache[jti] = expTime
+		// SECURITY FIX: Add to replay cache with expiration using Cache API
+		duration := time.Until(expTime)
+		if duration > 0 {
+			replayCache.Set(jti, true, duration)
+		}
 	}
 
 	sub, ok := claims["sub"].(string)

main.go

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ import (
 	"math"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/http/cookiejar"
 	"net/url"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"text/template"
 	"time"
 
@@ -59,6 +61,33 @@ func createDefaultHTTPClient() *http.Client {
 	}
 }
 
+// createTokenHTTPClient creates a specialized HTTP client for token operations.
+// It reuses the transport from the main HTTP client but adds cookie jar support
+// and optimized redirect handling for OIDC token endpoints.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - baseClient: The base HTTP client to derive transport settings from.
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - A pointer to the configured http.Client optimized for token operations.
+func createTokenHTTPClient(baseClient *http.Client) *http.Client {
+	// Create a cookie jar for handling redirects with cookies
+	jar, _ := cookiejar.New(nil)
+
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: baseClient.Transport, // Reuse the transport from base client
+		Timeout:   baseClient.Timeout,   // Reuse the timeout from base client
+		CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
+			// Always follow redirects for OIDC endpoints
+			if len(via) >= 50 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("stopped after 50 redirects")
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+		Jar: jar, // Add cookie jar for redirect handling
+	}
+}
+
 const (
 	ConstSessionTimeout      = 86400          // Session timeout in seconds
 	defaultBlacklistDuration = 24 * time.Hour // Default duration to blacklist a JTI
@@ -105,6 +134,7 @@ type TraefikOidc struct {
 	scheme                     string
 	tokenCache                 *TokenCache
 	httpClient                 *http.Client
+	tokenHTTPClient            *http.Client // Reusable HTTP client for token operations
 	logger                     *Logger
 	tokenVerifier              TokenVerifier
 	jwtVerifier                JWTVerifier
@@ -124,6 +154,7 @@ type TraefikOidc struct {
 	headerTemplates         map[string]*template.Template // Parsed templates for custom headers
 	tokenCleanupStopChan    chan struct{}                 // Channel to stop token cleanup goroutine
 	metadataRefreshStopChan chan struct{}                 // Channel to stop metadata refresh goroutine
+	goroutineWG             sync.WaitGroup                // WaitGroup to track background goroutines
 }
 
 // ProviderMetadata holds OIDC provider metadata
@@ -243,7 +274,14 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) VerifyToken(token string) error {
 
 		// Also update the global replayCache for backwards compatibility
 		replayCacheMu.Lock()
-		replayCache[jti] = expiry
+		// Initialize cache if not already done
+		if replayCache == nil {
+			initReplayCache()
+		}
+		duration := time.Until(expiry)
+		if duration > 0 {
+			replayCache.Set(jti, true, duration)
+		}
 		replayCacheMu.Unlock()
 	}
 
@@ -325,8 +363,8 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) VerifyJWTSignatureAndClaims(jwt *JWT, token string) error
 		return fmt.Errorf("signature verification failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Verify standard claims
-	if err := jwt.Verify(t.issuerURL, t.clientID); err != nil {
+	// Verify standard claims - skip replay check since it's already handled in VerifyToken
+	if err := jwt.Verify(t.issuerURL, t.clientID, true); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("standard claim verification failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -416,6 +454,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, next http.Handler, config *Config, name string) (h
 		limiter:               rate.NewLimiter(rate.Every(time.Second), config.RateLimit),
 		tokenCache:            NewTokenCache(),
 		httpClient:            httpClient,
+		tokenHTTPClient:       createTokenHTTPClient(httpClient),
 		excludedURLs:          createStringMap(config.ExcludedURLs),
 		allowedUserDomains:    createStringMap(config.AllowedUserDomains),
 		allowedUsers:          createCaseInsensitiveStringMap(config.AllowedUsers),
@@ -526,30 +565,34 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) updateMetadataEndpoints(metadata *ProviderMetadata) {
 //   - providerURL: The base URL of bogged OIDC provider, used for subsequent refresh attempts.
 func (t *TraefikOidc) startMetadataRefresh(providerURL string) {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Hour)
-	// No defer ticker.Stop() here, it's stopped in the select case
+	t.goroutineWG.Add(1) // Track this goroutine
 
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			t.logger.Debug("Refreshing OIDC metadata")
-			metadata, err := t.metadataCache.GetMetadata(providerURL, t.httpClient, t.logger)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.logger.Errorf("Failed to refresh metadata: %v", err)
-				continue
-			}
+	go func() {
+		defer t.goroutineWG.Done() // Signal completion when goroutine exits
+		defer ticker.Stop()        // Ensure ticker is always stopped
 
-			if metadata != nil {
-				t.updateMetadataEndpoints(metadata)
-				t.logger.Debug("Successfully refreshed metadata")
-			} else {
-				t.logger.Error("Received nil metadata during refresh")
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				t.logger.Debug("Refreshing OIDC metadata")
+				metadata, err := t.metadataCache.GetMetadata(providerURL, t.httpClient, t.logger)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.logger.Errorf("Failed to refresh metadata: %v", err)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				if metadata != nil {
+					t.updateMetadataEndpoints(metadata)
+					t.logger.Debug("Successfully refreshed metadata")
+				} else {
+					t.logger.Error("Received nil metadata during refresh")
+				}
+			case <-t.metadataRefreshStopChan:
+				t.logger.Debug("Metadata refresh goroutine stopped.")
+				return
 			}
-		case <-t.metadataRefreshStopChan:
-			ticker.Stop()
-			t.logger.Debug("Metadata refresh goroutine stopped.")
-			return
 		}
-	}
+	}()
 }
 
 // discoverProviderMetadata attempts to fetch the OIDC provider's configuration from its
@@ -1720,8 +1763,11 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) validateHost(host string) error {
 // the token cache, token blacklist cache, and JWK cache.
 func (t *TraefikOidc) startTokenCleanup() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Minute) // Run cleanup every minute
+	t.goroutineWG.Add(1)                      // Track this goroutine
 	go func() {
-		// No defer ticker.Stop() here, it's stopped in the select case
+		defer t.goroutineWG.Done() // Signal completion when goroutine exits
+		defer ticker.Stop()        // Ensure ticker is always stopped
+
 		for {
 			select {
 			case <-ticker.C:
@@ -1741,7 +1787,6 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) startTokenCleanup() {
 					t.jwkCache.Cleanup()
 				}
 			case <-t.tokenCleanupStopChan:
-				ticker.Stop()
 				t.logger.Debug("Token cleanup goroutine stopped.")
 				return
 			}
@@ -2231,20 +2276,36 @@ func (t *TraefikOidc) sendErrorResponse(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Reques
 	_, _ = rw.Write([]byte(htmlBody)) // Ignore write error as header is already sent
 }
 
-// Close stops all background goroutines and closes resources.
+// Close stops all background goroutines and closes resources with proper timeout.
 func (t *TraefikOidc) Close() error {
 	t.logger.Debug("Closing TraefikOidc plugin instance")
-	// Signal and close tokenCleanupStopChan
+
+	// Signal all goroutines to stop
 	if t.tokenCleanupStopChan != nil {
 		close(t.tokenCleanupStopChan)
 		t.logger.Debug("tokenCleanupStopChan closed")
 	}
-	// Signal and close metadataRefreshStopChan
 	if t.metadataRefreshStopChan != nil {
 		close(t.metadataRefreshStopChan)
 		t.logger.Debug("metadataRefreshStopChan closed")
 	}
 
+	// Wait for all goroutines to finish with timeout
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		t.goroutineWG.Wait()
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	// Wait for goroutines to finish or timeout after 10 seconds
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+		t.logger.Debug("All background goroutines stopped gracefully")
+	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
+		t.logger.Errorf("Timeout waiting for background goroutines to stop")
+		// Continue with cleanup even if goroutines didn't stop gracefully
+	}
+
 	// Close caches
 	// These Close methods should stop their respective autoCleanupRoutine goroutines
 	if t.tokenBlacklist != nil {

main_test.go

@@ -722,7 +722,8 @@ func TestServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// Reset the global replayCache to prevent "token replay detected" errors
 			replayCacheMu.Lock()
-			replayCache = make(map[string]time.Time) // Reset the global cache
+			replayCache = NewCache()
+			replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
 			replayCacheMu.Unlock()
 
 			// Store original tokenVerifier to restore later
@@ -734,7 +735,8 @@ func TestServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 				VerifyFunc: func(token string) error {
 					// Clear replay cache before token verification
 					replayCacheMu.Lock()
-					replayCache = make(map[string]time.Time)
+					replayCache = NewCache()
+					replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
 					replayCacheMu.Unlock()
 
 					// Call the original verifier's VerifyToken method
@@ -1143,7 +1145,8 @@ func TestHandleCallback(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			// Clear the global replay cache before each test run
 			replayCacheMu.Lock()
-			replayCache = make(map[string]time.Time) // Reset the global cache
+			replayCache = NewCache()
+			replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
 			replayCacheMu.Unlock()
 
 			// Explicitly clear the shared blacklist at the start of each sub-test
@@ -2803,3 +2806,761 @@ func TestVerifyTimeConstraint(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 } // Add missing closing brace for TestVerifyTimeConstraint
+
+// ===== JWT REPLAY DETECTION TESTS =====
+// These tests ensure the replay detection fix works correctly and prevents regressions
+
+// TestJWTVerifyWithSkipReplayCheck tests the new skipReplayCheck parameter functionality
+func TestJWTVerifyWithSkipReplayCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache before test
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name            string
+		skipReplayCheck bool
+		firstCall       bool
+		expectError     bool
+		errorContains   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:            "First verification with skipReplayCheck=false should succeed",
+			skipReplayCheck: false,
+			firstCall:       true,
+			expectError:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Second verification with skipReplayCheck=false should fail (replay detected)",
+			skipReplayCheck: false,
+			firstCall:       false,
+			expectError:     true,
+			errorContains:   "token replay detected",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Verification with skipReplayCheck=true should always succeed",
+			skipReplayCheck: true,
+			firstCall:       false, // Even on subsequent calls
+			expectError:     false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if tc.firstCall {
+				// Clear replay cache for first call tests
+				replayCacheMu.Lock()
+				replayCache = NewCache()
+				replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+				replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+			}
+
+			err := jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", tc.skipReplayCheck)
+
+			if tc.expectError {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected error containing '%s', but got nil", tc.errorContains)
+				} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.errorContains) {
+					t.Errorf("Expected error containing '%s', got '%v'", tc.errorContains, err)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected no error, but got: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestJWTVerifyBackwardCompatibility tests that calls without the skipReplayCheck parameter default to replay checking
+func TestJWTVerifyBackwardCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// First call with old signature (no skipReplayCheck parameter) should succeed
+	err = jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("First verification should succeed, got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Second call with old signature should fail due to replay detection
+	err = jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Second verification should fail due to replay detection")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "token replay detected") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 'token replay detected' error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestTokenReplayDetectionFalsePositiveFix tests the specific scenario that was causing false positives
+func TestTokenReplayDetectionFalsePositiveFix(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Simulate the authentication flow that was causing false positives:
+	// 1. Initial authentication adds JTI to cache
+	// 2. Subsequent request validation should not trigger false positive
+
+	// Step 1: Initial authentication (this would add JTI to cache)
+	jwt1, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT for initial auth: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = jwt1.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false) // Normal replay check
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Initial authentication should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 2: Subsequent request validation (this should skip replay check to avoid false positive)
+	jwt2, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT for subsequent request: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = jwt2.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", true) // Skip replay check
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Subsequent request validation should succeed with skipReplayCheck=true: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 3: Verify that actual replay attacks are still detected
+	jwt3, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT for replay attack test: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = jwt3.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false) // Normal replay check
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Actual replay attack should be detected when skipReplayCheck=false")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "token replay detected") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 'token replay detected' error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAuthenticationFlowReplayDetection tests the complete authentication flow
+func TestAuthenticationFlowReplayDetection(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Test the complete flow:
+	// 1. Initial authentication (should add JTI to cache)
+	// 2. Multiple subsequent requests (should not trigger false positives)
+	// 3. Actual replay attack from different source (should be detected)
+
+	// Step 1: Initial authentication
+	err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Initial authentication should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Verify JTI is in cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	_, exists := replayCache.Get(jti)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+	if !exists {
+		t.Error("JTI should be added to replay cache during initial authentication")
+	}
+
+	// Step 2: Subsequent requests (simulate normal request processing)
+	// These should use the token cache and skip replay detection
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Subsequent request %d should succeed: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Step 3: Simulate actual replay attack by directly calling JWT.Verify with replay check
+	jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT for replay attack test: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false) // Force replay check
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("Actual replay attack should be detected")
+	} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "token replay detected") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 'token replay detected' error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestActualReplayAttackDetection ensures real replay attacks are still properly detected
+func TestActualReplayAttackDetection(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// First verification should succeed
+	err = jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("First verification should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Simulate different types of replay attacks
+	replayTests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		description string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "Direct replay attack",
+			description: "Same token used again with replay checking enabled",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Replay from different source",
+			description: "Token intercepted and replayed by attacker",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, rt := range replayTests {
+		t.Run(rt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Parse token again (simulating replay)
+			replayJWT, err := parseJWT(token)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT for replay test: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			// Attempt replay with normal replay checking
+			err = replayJWT.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Errorf("Replay attack should be detected for: %s", rt.description)
+			} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "token replay detected") {
+				t.Errorf("Expected 'token replay detected' error for %s, got: %v", rt.description, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConcurrentTokenValidation tests thread safety of replay detection
+func TestConcurrentTokenValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Configure rate limiter to allow more requests for concurrent testing
+	ts.tOidc.limiter = rate.NewLimiter(rate.Limit(1000), 1000) // Allow 1000 requests per second with burst of 1000
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create multiple tokens with unique JTIs
+	var tokens []string
+	var jtis []string
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		jti := generateRandomString(16)
+		jtis = append(jtis, jti)
+
+		token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+			"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+			"aud":   "test-client-id",
+			"exp":   exp,
+			"iat":   iat,
+			"nbf":   nbf,
+			"sub":   "test-subject",
+			"email": "[email protected]",
+			"nonce": "test-nonce",
+			"jti":   jti,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		tokens = append(tokens, token)
+	}
+
+	// Test concurrent validation
+	const numGoroutines = 20
+	const numIterations = 5
+
+	results := make(chan error, numGoroutines*numIterations)
+
+	for g := 0; g < numGoroutines; g++ {
+		go func(goroutineID int) {
+			for i := 0; i < numIterations; i++ {
+				tokenIndex := (goroutineID + i) % len(tokens)
+				token := tokens[tokenIndex]
+
+				// First validation should succeed
+				err := ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+				results <- err
+
+				// Subsequent validation with same token should also succeed (uses cache)
+				err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+				results <- err
+			}
+		}(g)
+	}
+
+	// Collect results
+	var errors []error
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines*numIterations*2; i++ {
+		if err := <-results; err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// All validations should succeed (no race conditions)
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected no errors in concurrent validation, got %d errors: %v", len(errors), errors)
+	}
+
+	// Verify all JTIs are in cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	for i, jti := range jtis {
+		if _, exists := replayCache.Get(jti); !exists {
+			t.Errorf("JTI %d (%s) should be in replay cache", i, jti)
+		}
+	}
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// TestJTIBlacklistBehavior tests the JTI blacklist cache management
+func TestJTIBlacklistBehavior(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Test JTI blacklist behavior
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		action      func() error
+		expectError bool
+		description string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Initial verification adds JTI to blacklist",
+			action: func() error {
+				return ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+			description: "First verification should succeed and add JTI to blacklist",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "JTI exists in blacklist after verification",
+			action: func() error {
+				replayCacheMu.Lock()
+				defer replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+				if _, exists := replayCache.Get(jti); !exists {
+					return fmt.Errorf("JTI not found in blacklist cache")
+				}
+				return nil
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+			description: "JTI should be present in blacklist cache",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Subsequent verification uses cache (no replay check)",
+			action: func() error {
+				return ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+			description: "Subsequent verification should succeed using token cache",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Direct JWT verification detects replay",
+			action: func() error {
+				jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				return jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false)
+			},
+			expectError: true,
+			description: "Direct JWT verification should detect replay",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tc.action()
+
+			if tc.expectError {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected error for %s, but got nil", tc.description)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected no error for %s, but got: %v", tc.description, err)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSessionBasedTokenRevalidation tests token revalidation in session-based scenarios
+func TestSessionBasedTokenRevalidation(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create a test JWT with unique JTI
+	jti := generateRandomString(16)
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", map[string]interface{}{
+		"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+		"aud":   "test-client-id",
+		"exp":   exp,
+		"iat":   iat,
+		"nbf":   nbf,
+		"sub":   "test-subject",
+		"email": "[email protected]",
+		"nonce": "test-nonce",
+		"jti":   jti,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Simulate session-based token revalidation scenario
+	// This tests the specific case that was causing false positives
+
+	// Step 1: Initial authentication (callback processing)
+	err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Initial authentication should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 2: Multiple session-based requests (normal request processing)
+	// These should not trigger replay detection false positives
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Session request %d should succeed: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Step 3: Verify token is in both caches appropriately
+	// Check token cache
+	if _, exists := ts.tOidc.tokenCache.Get(token); !exists {
+		t.Error("Token should be in token cache")
+	}
+
+	// Check replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	_, inReplayCache := replayCache.Get(jti)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+	if !inReplayCache {
+		t.Error("JTI should be in replay cache")
+	}
+
+	// Step 4: Verify that clearing token cache still allows validation
+	ts.tOidc.tokenCache = NewTokenCache() // Clear token cache
+
+	err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Token validation should succeed even after cache clear: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestEdgeCasesWithDifferentTokenTypes tests replay detection with different token types
+func TestEdgeCasesWithDifferentTokenTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &TestSuite{t: t}
+	ts.Setup()
+
+	// Clear the global replay cache
+	replayCacheMu.Lock()
+	replayCache = NewCache()
+	replayCache.SetMaxSize(10000)
+	replayCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	exp := now.Add(1 * time.Hour).Unix()
+	iat := now.Unix()
+	nbf := now.Unix()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		tokenType   string
+		claims      map[string]interface{}
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "ID Token with JTI",
+			tokenType: "id_token",
+			claims: map[string]interface{}{
+				"iss":        "https://test-issuer.com",
+				"aud":        "test-client-id",
+				"exp":        exp,
+				"iat":        iat,
+				"nbf":        nbf,
+				"sub":        "test-subject",
+				"email":      "[email protected]",
+				"nonce":      "test-nonce",
+				"jti":        generateRandomString(16),
+				"token_type": "id_token",
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "Access Token with JTI",
+			tokenType: "access_token",
+			claims: map[string]interface{}{
+				"iss":        "https://test-issuer.com",
+				"aud":        "test-client-id",
+				"exp":        exp,
+				"iat":        iat,
+				"nbf":        nbf,
+				"sub":        "test-subject",
+				"scope":      "openid profile email",
+				"jti":        generateRandomString(16),
+				"token_type": "access_token",
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "Token without JTI",
+			tokenType: "no_jti",
+			claims: map[string]interface{}{
+				"iss":   "https://test-issuer.com",
+				"aud":   "test-client-id",
+				"exp":   exp,
+				"iat":   iat,
+				"nbf":   nbf,
+				"sub":   "test-subject",
+				"email": "[email protected]",
+				"nonce": "test-nonce",
+				// No JTI claim
+			},
+			expectError: false, // Should still work, just no replay protection
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Create token with specific claims
+			token, err := createTestJWT(ts.rsaPrivateKey, "RS256", "test-key-id", tc.claims)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to create test JWT: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			// First verification should succeed
+			err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+			if tc.expectError {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected error for token type %s, but got nil", tc.tokenType)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected no error for token type %s, but got: %v", tc.tokenType, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Second verification should also succeed (uses cache)
+			if !tc.expectError {
+				err = ts.tOidc.VerifyToken(token)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("Second verification should succeed for token type %s: %v", tc.tokenType, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Test direct JWT verification for replay detection
+			if !tc.expectError && tc.claims["jti"] != nil {
+				jwt, err := parseJWT(token)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Failed to parse JWT: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				// This should detect replay for tokens with JTI
+				err = jwt.Verify("https://test-issuer.com", "test-client-id", false)
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Errorf("Expected replay detection for token type %s with JTI", tc.tokenType)
+				} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "token replay detected") {
+					t.Errorf("Expected 'token replay detected' error for token type %s, got: %v", tc.tokenType, err)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

performance_monitoring.go

@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ type PerformanceMetrics struct {
 	// Resource metrics
 	memoryUsage    int64
 	goroutineCount int64
+	memoryPressure int64 // Memory pressure level (0-100)
+	gcPauseTime    int64 // Last GC pause time in nanoseconds
+	heapSize       int64 // Current heap size
+	heapInUse      int64 // Heap memory in use
 
 	// Error metrics (kept for backward compatibility)
 	verificationErrors int64
@@ -251,9 +255,36 @@ func (pm *PerformanceMetrics) collectSystemMetrics() {
 	var m runtime.MemStats
 	runtime.ReadMemStats(&m)
 	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.memoryUsage, int64(m.Alloc))
+	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.heapSize, int64(m.HeapSys))
+	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.heapInUse, int64(m.HeapInuse))
+	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.gcPauseTime, int64(m.PauseNs[(m.NumGC+255)%256]))
+
+	// Calculate memory pressure (0-100 scale)
+	// Based on heap utilization and GC frequency
+	heapUtilization := float64(m.HeapInuse) / float64(m.HeapSys)
+	gcFrequency := float64(m.NumGC) / time.Since(pm.startTime).Minutes()
+
+	// Memory pressure calculation
+	pressure := int64(heapUtilization * 50) // 0-50 based on heap utilization
+	if gcFrequency > 10 {                   // High GC frequency indicates pressure
+		pressure += int64((gcFrequency - 10) * 2) // Add up to 50 more
+	}
+	if pressure > 100 {
+		pressure = 100
+	}
+	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.memoryPressure, pressure)
 
 	// Goroutine count
 	atomic.StoreInt64(&pm.goroutineCount, int64(runtime.NumGoroutine()))
+
+	// Log memory pressure warnings
+	if pressure > 80 {
+		pm.logger.Errorf("High memory pressure detected: %d%% (heap utilization: %.1f%%, GC frequency: %.1f/min)",
+			pressure, heapUtilization*100, gcFrequency)
+	} else if pressure > 60 {
+		pm.logger.Infof("Moderate memory pressure: %d%% (heap utilization: %.1f%%, GC frequency: %.1f/min)",
+			pressure, heapUtilization*100, gcFrequency)
+	}
 }
 
 // GetMetrics returns all current performance metrics
@@ -317,6 +348,10 @@ func (pm *PerformanceMetrics) GetMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
 
 		// Resource metrics
 		"memory_usage_bytes": atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.memoryUsage),
+		"memory_pressure":    atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.memoryPressure),
+		"heap_size_bytes":    atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.heapSize),
+		"heap_inuse_bytes":   atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.heapInUse),
+		"gc_pause_time_ns":   atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.gcPauseTime),
 		"goroutine_count":    atomic.LoadInt64(&pm.goroutineCount),
 
 		// Rate limiting metrics
@@ -414,6 +449,10 @@ type ResourceMonitor struct {
 	// Session limits
 	maxSessions int64
 
+	// Cache size tracking
+	cacheSizes map[string]int64
+	cacheMutex sync.RWMutex
+
 	// Monitoring state
 	alertThresholds map[string]float64
 	alerts          []ResourceAlert
@@ -441,11 +480,13 @@ func NewResourceMonitor(perfMetrics *PerformanceMetrics, logger *Logger) *Resour
 		maxMemoryBytes: 100 * 1024 * 1024, // 100MB default
 		maxCacheSize:   10000,             // 10k items default
 		maxSessions:    1000,              // 1k sessions default
+		cacheSizes:     make(map[string]int64),
 		alertThresholds: map[string]float64{
-			"memory_usage":  0.8,  // 80%
-			"cache_usage":   0.9,  // 90%
-			"session_usage": 0.85, // 85%
-			"error_rate":    0.1,  // 10%
+			"memory_usage":    0.8,  // 80%
+			"memory_pressure": 0.7,  // 70%
+			"cache_usage":     0.9,  // 90%
+			"session_usage":   0.85, // 85%
+			"error_rate":      0.1,  // 10%
 		},
 		alerts:      make([]ResourceAlert, 0),
 		perfMetrics: perfMetrics,
@@ -473,6 +514,25 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) SetSessionLimit(count int64) {
 	rm.maxSessions = count
 }
 
+// UpdateCacheSize updates the size of a specific cache
+func (rm *ResourceMonitor) UpdateCacheSize(cacheName string, size int64) {
+	rm.cacheMutex.Lock()
+	defer rm.cacheMutex.Unlock()
+	rm.cacheSizes[cacheName] = size
+}
+
+// GetCacheSizes returns current cache sizes
+func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetCacheSizes() map[string]int64 {
+	rm.cacheMutex.RLock()
+	defer rm.cacheMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	sizes := make(map[string]int64)
+	for name, size := range rm.cacheSizes {
+		sizes[name] = size
+	}
+	return sizes
+}
+
 // startMonitoring starts the background monitoring routine
 func (rm *ResourceMonitor) startMonitoring() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
@@ -502,6 +562,21 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) checkResourceUsage() {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check memory pressure
+	if memPressure, ok := metrics["memory_pressure"].(int64); ok {
+		pressureRatio := float64(memPressure) / 100.0 // Convert to 0-1 scale
+		if pressureRatio > rm.alertThresholds["memory_pressure"] {
+			rm.addAlert(ResourceAlert{
+				Type:         "memory_pressure",
+				Message:      "Memory pressure exceeds threshold",
+				Threshold:    rm.alertThresholds["memory_pressure"],
+				CurrentValue: pressureRatio,
+				Timestamp:    time.Now(),
+				Severity:     rm.getSeverity(pressureRatio, rm.alertThresholds["memory_pressure"]),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Check cache usage
 	if cacheSize, ok := metrics["cache_size"].(int64); ok {
 		cacheUsageRatio := float64(cacheSize) / float64(rm.maxCacheSize)
@@ -592,6 +667,7 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetAlerts() []ResourceAlert {
 // GetResourceStatus returns current resource status
 func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetResourceStatus() map[string]interface{} {
 	metrics := rm.perfMetrics.GetMetrics()
+	cacheSizes := rm.GetCacheSizes()
 
 	status := map[string]interface{}{
 		"limits": map[string]interface{}{
@@ -599,8 +675,9 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetResourceStatus() map[string]interface{} {
 			"max_cache_size":   rm.maxCacheSize,
 			"max_sessions":     rm.maxSessions,
 		},
-		"thresholds": rm.alertThresholds,
-		"current":    metrics,
+		"thresholds":  rm.alertThresholds,
+		"current":     metrics,
+		"cache_sizes": cacheSizes,
 		// Add expected keys for tests
 		"memory_limit":  uint64(rm.maxMemoryBytes),
 		"cache_limit":   int(rm.maxCacheSize),
@@ -611,6 +688,9 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetResourceStatus() map[string]interface{} {
 	if memUsage, ok := metrics["memory_usage_bytes"].(int64); ok {
 		status["memory_usage_ratio"] = float64(memUsage) / float64(rm.maxMemoryBytes)
 	}
+	if memPressure, ok := metrics["memory_pressure"].(int64); ok {
+		status["memory_pressure_ratio"] = float64(memPressure) / 100.0
+	}
 	if cacheSize, ok := metrics["cache_size"].(int64); ok {
 		status["cache_usage_ratio"] = float64(cacheSize) / float64(rm.maxCacheSize)
 	}
@@ -618,5 +698,12 @@ func (rm *ResourceMonitor) GetResourceStatus() map[string]interface{} {
 		status["session_usage_ratio"] = float64(activeSessions) / float64(rm.maxSessions)
 	}
 
+	// Calculate total cache size across all caches
+	var totalCacheSize int64
+	for _, size := range cacheSizes {
+		totalCacheSize += size
+	}
+	status["total_cache_size"] = totalCacheSize
+
 	return status
 }

session.go

@@ -190,13 +190,18 @@ func NewSessionManager(encryptionKey string, forceHTTPS bool, logger *Logger) (*
 	// Initialize session pool.
 	sm.sessionPool.New = func() interface{} {
 		// Initialize SessionData with necessary fields and the mutex.
-		return &SessionData{
+		sd := &SessionData{
 			manager:            sm,
 			accessTokenChunks:  make(map[int]*sessions.Session),
 			refreshTokenChunks: make(map[int]*sessions.Session),
-			refreshMutex:       sync.Mutex{}, // Initialize the mutex
-			dirty:              false,        // Initialize dirty flag
+			refreshMutex:       sync.Mutex{},   // Initialize the mutex
+			sessionMutex:       sync.RWMutex{}, // Initialize the session mutex
+			dirty:              false,          // Initialize dirty flag
+			inUse:              false,          // Initialize in-use flag
 		}
+		// Ensure the object is properly reset when created
+		sd.Reset()
+		return sd
 	}
 
 	return sm, nil
@@ -482,6 +487,8 @@ func (sd *SessionData) Clear(r *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter) error {
 	// STABILITY FIX: Mark as not in use and return session to pool, regardless of error.
 	// This ensures the session is always returned to the pool, preventing memory leaks.
 	sd.inUse = false
+	// Reset the session data before returning to pool to prevent data leakage
+	sd.Reset()
 	sd.manager.sessionPool.Put(sd)
 
 	// Return the error from Save, if any
@@ -602,6 +609,52 @@ func (sd *SessionData) SetAuthenticated(value bool) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Reset clears all session data and prepares the SessionData object for reuse.
+// This method is called when returning objects to the pool to prevent data leakage
+// between different users/sessions.
+func (sd *SessionData) Reset() {
+	sd.sessionMutex.Lock()
+	defer sd.sessionMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// Clear all session values if sessions exist
+	if sd.mainSession != nil {
+		for k := range sd.mainSession.Values {
+			delete(sd.mainSession.Values, k)
+		}
+		sd.mainSession.ID = ""
+		sd.mainSession.IsNew = true
+	}
+
+	if sd.accessSession != nil {
+		for k := range sd.accessSession.Values {
+			delete(sd.accessSession.Values, k)
+		}
+		sd.accessSession.ID = ""
+		sd.accessSession.IsNew = true
+	}
+
+	if sd.refreshSession != nil {
+		for k := range sd.refreshSession.Values {
+			delete(sd.refreshSession.Values, k)
+		}
+		sd.refreshSession.ID = ""
+		sd.refreshSession.IsNew = true
+	}
+
+	// Clear chunk maps
+	for k := range sd.accessTokenChunks {
+		delete(sd.accessTokenChunks, k)
+	}
+	for k := range sd.refreshTokenChunks {
+		delete(sd.refreshTokenChunks, k)
+	}
+
+	// Reset state flags
+	sd.dirty = false
+	sd.inUse = false
+	sd.request = nil
+}
+
 // ReturnToPool explicitly returns this SessionData object to the pool.
 // This should be called when you're done with a SessionData in any error path
 // where Clear() is not called, to prevent memory leaks.
@@ -609,8 +662,8 @@ func (sd *SessionData) ReturnToPool() {
 	if sd != nil && sd.manager != nil {
 		// STABILITY FIX: Only return to pool if not currently in use
 		if !sd.inUse {
-			// Clear request reference to avoid memory leaks
-			sd.request = nil
+			// Reset the session data before returning to pool
+			sd.Reset()
 			sd.manager.sessionPool.Put(sd)
 		}
 	}