Files
traefikoidc/error_recovery.go
T
lukaszraczylo 667b4213fe Well.. that escalated quickly.
Completely forgot that Traefik uses outdated Yaegi and requires compatibility with 1.20 ( pre-generic Go code ).
2025-06-20 19:23:50 +01:00

846 lines
24 KiB
Go

package traefikoidc
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"math"
"math/rand/v2"
"net"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
)
// ErrorRecoveryMechanism defines the common interface for all error recovery mechanisms
type ErrorRecoveryMechanism interface {
// ExecuteWithContext executes a function with error recovery
ExecuteWithContext(ctx context.Context, fn func() error) error
// GetMetrics returns metrics about the error recovery mechanism
GetMetrics() map[string]interface{}
// Reset resets the state of the error recovery mechanism
Reset()
// IsAvailable returns whether the mechanism is available for use
IsAvailable() bool
}
// BaseRecoveryMechanism provides common functionality for error recovery mechanisms
type BaseRecoveryMechanism struct {
startTime time.Time
lastFailureTime time.Time
lastSuccessTime time.Time
logger *Logger
name string
totalRequests int64
totalFailures int64
totalSuccesses int64
mutex sync.RWMutex
}
// NewBaseRecoveryMechanism creates a new base recovery mechanism
func NewBaseRecoveryMechanism(name string, logger *Logger) *BaseRecoveryMechanism {
if logger == nil {
logger = newNoOpLogger()
}
return &BaseRecoveryMechanism{
name: name,
logger: logger,
startTime: time.Now(),
}
}
// RecordRequest records a request to the error recovery mechanism
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) RecordRequest() {
atomic.AddInt64(&b.totalRequests, 1)
}
// RecordSuccess records a successful operation
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) RecordSuccess() {
atomic.AddInt64(&b.totalSuccesses, 1)
b.mutex.Lock()
defer b.mutex.Unlock()
b.lastSuccessTime = time.Now()
}
// RecordFailure records a failed operation
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) RecordFailure() {
atomic.AddInt64(&b.totalFailures, 1)
b.mutex.Lock()
defer b.mutex.Unlock()
b.lastFailureTime = time.Now()
}
// GetBaseMetrics returns base metrics common to all recovery mechanisms
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) GetBaseMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
b.mutex.RLock()
defer b.mutex.RUnlock()
metrics := map[string]interface{}{
"total_requests": atomic.LoadInt64(&b.totalRequests),
"total_failures": atomic.LoadInt64(&b.totalFailures),
"total_successes": atomic.LoadInt64(&b.totalSuccesses),
"uptime_seconds": time.Since(b.startTime).Seconds(),
"name": b.name,
}
if !b.lastFailureTime.IsZero() {
metrics["last_failure_time"] = b.lastFailureTime.Format(time.RFC3339)
metrics["seconds_since_last_failure"] = time.Since(b.lastFailureTime).Seconds()
}
if !b.lastSuccessTime.IsZero() {
metrics["last_success_time"] = b.lastSuccessTime.Format(time.RFC3339)
metrics["seconds_since_last_success"] = time.Since(b.lastSuccessTime).Seconds()
}
// Calculate success rate
if metrics["total_requests"].(int64) > 0 {
successRate := float64(metrics["total_successes"].(int64)) / float64(metrics["total_requests"].(int64))
metrics["success_rate"] = successRate
} else {
metrics["success_rate"] = 1.0 // Default to 100% if no requests
}
return metrics
}
// LogInfo logs an informational message
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) LogInfo(format string, args ...interface{}) {
if b.logger != nil {
b.logger.Infof("%s: "+format, append([]interface{}{b.name}, args...)...)
}
}
// LogError logs an error message
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) LogError(format string, args ...interface{}) {
if b.logger != nil {
b.logger.Errorf("%s: "+format, append([]interface{}{b.name}, args...)...)
}
}
// LogDebug logs a debug message
func (b *BaseRecoveryMechanism) LogDebug(format string, args ...interface{}) {
if b.logger != nil {
b.logger.Debugf("%s: "+format, append([]interface{}{b.name}, args...)...)
}
}
// CircuitBreakerState represents the current state of a circuit breaker
type CircuitBreakerState int
const (
// CircuitBreakerClosed - normal operation, requests are allowed
CircuitBreakerClosed CircuitBreakerState = iota
// CircuitBreakerOpen - circuit is open, requests are rejected
CircuitBreakerOpen
// CircuitBreakerHalfOpen - testing if service has recovered
CircuitBreakerHalfOpen
)
// CircuitBreaker implements the circuit breaker pattern for external service calls
type CircuitBreaker struct {
*BaseRecoveryMechanism
maxFailures int
timeout time.Duration
resetTimeout time.Duration
state CircuitBreakerState
failures int64
}
// CircuitBreakerConfig holds configuration for circuit breakers
type CircuitBreakerConfig struct {
MaxFailures int `json:"max_failures"`
Timeout time.Duration `json:"timeout"`
ResetTimeout time.Duration `json:"reset_timeout"`
}
// DefaultCircuitBreakerConfig returns default circuit breaker configuration
func DefaultCircuitBreakerConfig() CircuitBreakerConfig {
return CircuitBreakerConfig{
MaxFailures: 5,
Timeout: 30 * time.Second,
ResetTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
}
}
// NewCircuitBreaker creates a new circuit breaker with the given configuration
func NewCircuitBreaker(config CircuitBreakerConfig, logger *Logger) *CircuitBreaker {
return &CircuitBreaker{
BaseRecoveryMechanism: NewBaseRecoveryMechanism("circuit-breaker", logger),
maxFailures: config.MaxFailures,
timeout: config.Timeout,
resetTimeout: config.ResetTimeout,
state: CircuitBreakerClosed,
}
}
// ExecuteWithContext implements the ErrorRecoveryMechanism interface
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) ExecuteWithContext(ctx context.Context, fn func() error) error {
cb.RecordRequest()
// Check if circuit breaker allows the request
if !cb.allowRequest() {
return fmt.Errorf("circuit breaker is open")
}
// Execute the function
err := fn()
// Record the result
if err != nil {
cb.recordFailure()
cb.RecordFailure()
return err
}
cb.recordSuccess()
cb.RecordSuccess()
return nil
}
// Execute is the original method for backward compatibility
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) Execute(fn func() error) error {
return cb.ExecuteWithContext(context.Background(), fn)
}
// allowRequest checks if the circuit breaker allows the request
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) allowRequest() bool {
cb.mutex.Lock()
defer cb.mutex.Unlock()
now := time.Now()
switch cb.state {
case CircuitBreakerClosed:
return true
case CircuitBreakerOpen:
// Check if timeout has passed
if now.Sub(cb.lastFailureTime) > cb.timeout {
cb.state = CircuitBreakerHalfOpen
cb.logger.Infof("Circuit breaker transitioning to half-open state")
return true
}
return false
case CircuitBreakerHalfOpen:
// Allow limited requests in half-open state
return true
default:
return false
}
}
// recordFailure records a failure and potentially opens the circuit
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) recordFailure() {
cb.mutex.Lock()
defer cb.mutex.Unlock()
cb.failures++
switch cb.state {
case CircuitBreakerClosed:
if cb.failures >= int64(cb.maxFailures) {
cb.state = CircuitBreakerOpen
cb.LogError("Circuit breaker opened after %d failures", cb.failures)
}
case CircuitBreakerHalfOpen:
// Go back to open state on any failure in half-open
cb.state = CircuitBreakerOpen
cb.LogError("Circuit breaker returned to open state after failure in half-open")
}
}
// recordSuccess records a success and potentially closes the circuit
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) recordSuccess() {
cb.mutex.Lock()
defer cb.mutex.Unlock()
switch cb.state {
case CircuitBreakerHalfOpen:
// Reset failures and close circuit on success in half-open
cb.failures = 0
cb.state = CircuitBreakerClosed
cb.LogInfo("Circuit breaker closed after successful request in half-open state")
case CircuitBreakerClosed:
// Reset failure count on success
cb.failures = 0
}
}
// GetState returns the current state of the circuit breaker
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) GetState() CircuitBreakerState {
cb.mutex.RLock()
defer cb.mutex.RUnlock()
return cb.state
}
// Reset resets the circuit breaker to its initial state
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) Reset() {
cb.mutex.Lock()
defer cb.mutex.Unlock()
cb.state = CircuitBreakerClosed
atomic.StoreInt64(&cb.failures, 0)
cb.LogInfo("Circuit breaker has been reset")
}
// IsAvailable returns whether the circuit breaker is allowing requests
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) IsAvailable() bool {
return cb.allowRequest()
}
// GetMetrics returns metrics about the circuit breaker
func (cb *CircuitBreaker) GetMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
cb.mutex.RLock()
state := cb.state
failures := cb.failures
cb.mutex.RUnlock()
metrics := cb.GetBaseMetrics()
// Add circuit breaker specific metrics
stateStr := "unknown"
switch state {
case CircuitBreakerClosed:
stateStr = "closed"
case CircuitBreakerOpen:
stateStr = "open"
case CircuitBreakerHalfOpen:
stateStr = "half-open"
}
metrics["state"] = stateStr
metrics["max_failures"] = cb.maxFailures
metrics["current_failures"] = failures
metrics["timeout_ms"] = cb.timeout.Milliseconds()
metrics["reset_timeout_ms"] = cb.resetTimeout.Milliseconds()
return metrics
}
// RetryConfig holds configuration for retry mechanisms
type RetryConfig struct {
RetryableErrors []string `json:"retryable_errors"`
MaxAttempts int `json:"max_attempts"`
InitialDelay time.Duration `json:"initial_delay"`
MaxDelay time.Duration `json:"max_delay"`
BackoffFactor float64 `json:"backoff_factor"`
EnableJitter bool `json:"enable_jitter"`
}
// DefaultRetryConfig returns default retry configuration
func DefaultRetryConfig() RetryConfig {
return RetryConfig{
MaxAttempts: 3,
InitialDelay: 100 * time.Millisecond,
MaxDelay: 5 * time.Second,
BackoffFactor: 2.0,
EnableJitter: true,
RetryableErrors: []string{
"connection refused",
"timeout",
"temporary failure",
"network unreachable",
},
}
}
// RetryExecutor implements retry logic with exponential backoff
type RetryExecutor struct {
*BaseRecoveryMechanism
config RetryConfig
}
// NewRetryExecutor creates a new retry executor
func NewRetryExecutor(config RetryConfig, logger *Logger) *RetryExecutor {
return &RetryExecutor{
BaseRecoveryMechanism: NewBaseRecoveryMechanism("retry-executor", logger),
config: config,
}
}
// ExecuteWithContext implements the ErrorRecoveryMechanism interface
func (re *RetryExecutor) ExecuteWithContext(ctx context.Context, fn func() error) error {
re.RecordRequest()
var lastErr error
for attempt := 1; attempt <= re.config.MaxAttempts; attempt++ {
// Execute the function
err := fn()
if err == nil {
if attempt > 1 {
re.LogInfo("Operation succeeded on attempt %d", attempt)
}
re.RecordSuccess()
return nil
}
lastErr = err
// Check if error is retryable
if !re.isRetryableError(err) {
re.LogDebug("Non-retryable error on attempt %d: %v", attempt, err)
re.RecordFailure()
return err
}
// Don't wait after the last attempt
if attempt == re.config.MaxAttempts {
re.RecordFailure()
break
}
// Calculate delay with exponential backoff
delay := re.calculateDelay(attempt)
re.LogDebug("Retrying operation after %v (attempt %d/%d): %v",
delay, attempt, re.config.MaxAttempts, err)
// Wait with context cancellation support
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
re.RecordFailure()
return ctx.Err()
case <-time.After(delay):
// Continue to next attempt
}
}
finalErr := fmt.Errorf("operation failed after %d attempts: %w", re.config.MaxAttempts, lastErr)
return finalErr
}
// Execute runs the given function with retry logic (for backward compatibility)
func (re *RetryExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, fn func() error) error {
return re.ExecuteWithContext(ctx, fn)
}
// isRetryableError checks if an error should trigger a retry
func (re *RetryExecutor) isRetryableError(err error) bool {
if err == nil {
return false
}
errStr := err.Error()
// Check against configured retryable errors
for _, retryableErr := range re.config.RetryableErrors {
if contains(errStr, retryableErr) {
return true
}
}
// Check for common network errors using modern Go error handling
if netErr, ok := err.(net.Error); ok {
// Use Timeout() method which is still valid
if netErr.Timeout() {
return true
}
// Check for specific temporary error patterns instead of deprecated Temporary()
errStr := netErr.Error()
temporaryPatterns := []string{
"connection refused",
"connection reset",
"network is unreachable",
"no route to host",
"temporary failure",
"try again",
"resource temporarily unavailable",
}
for _, pattern := range temporaryPatterns {
if contains(errStr, pattern) {
return true
}
}
}
// Check for HTTP status codes that are retryable
if httpErr, ok := err.(*HTTPError); ok {
return httpErr.StatusCode >= 500 || httpErr.StatusCode == 429
}
return false
}
// calculateDelay calculates the delay for the next retry attempt
func (re *RetryExecutor) calculateDelay(attempt int) time.Duration {
// Calculate exponential backoff
delay := float64(re.config.InitialDelay) * math.Pow(re.config.BackoffFactor, float64(attempt-1))
// Apply maximum delay limit
if delay > float64(re.config.MaxDelay) {
delay = float64(re.config.MaxDelay)
}
// Add jitter to prevent thundering herd
if re.config.EnableJitter {
jitter := delay * 0.1 * (2.0*rand.Float64() - 1.0) // ±10% jitter
delay += jitter
}
return time.Duration(delay)
}
// Reset resets the retry executor state
func (re *RetryExecutor) Reset() {
// Nothing to reset for RetryExecutor
re.LogDebug("Retry executor reset")
}
// IsAvailable always returns true for RetryExecutor
func (re *RetryExecutor) IsAvailable() bool {
return true
}
// GetMetrics returns metrics about the retry executor
func (re *RetryExecutor) GetMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
metrics := re.GetBaseMetrics()
// Add retry executor specific metrics
metrics["max_attempts"] = re.config.MaxAttempts
metrics["initial_delay_ms"] = re.config.InitialDelay.Milliseconds()
metrics["max_delay_ms"] = re.config.MaxDelay.Milliseconds()
metrics["backoff_factor"] = re.config.BackoffFactor
metrics["enable_jitter"] = re.config.EnableJitter
metrics["retryable_errors"] = re.config.RetryableErrors
return metrics
}
// HTTPError represents an HTTP error with status code
type HTTPError struct {
Message string
StatusCode int
}
// Error implements the error interface
func (e *HTTPError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("HTTP %d: %s", e.StatusCode, e.Message)
}
// GracefulDegradation implements graceful degradation patterns
type GracefulDegradation struct {
*BaseRecoveryMechanism
fallbacks map[string]func() (interface{}, error)
healthChecks map[string]func() bool
degradedServices map[string]time.Time
config GracefulDegradationConfig
mutex sync.RWMutex
}
// GracefulDegradationConfig holds configuration for graceful degradation
type GracefulDegradationConfig struct {
HealthCheckInterval time.Duration `json:"health_check_interval"`
RecoveryTimeout time.Duration `json:"recovery_timeout"`
EnableFallbacks bool `json:"enable_fallbacks"`
}
// DefaultGracefulDegradationConfig returns default configuration
func DefaultGracefulDegradationConfig() GracefulDegradationConfig {
return GracefulDegradationConfig{
HealthCheckInterval: 30 * time.Second,
RecoveryTimeout: 5 * time.Minute,
EnableFallbacks: true,
}
}
// NewGracefulDegradation creates a new graceful degradation manager
func NewGracefulDegradation(config GracefulDegradationConfig, logger *Logger) *GracefulDegradation {
gd := &GracefulDegradation{
BaseRecoveryMechanism: NewBaseRecoveryMechanism("graceful-degradation", logger),
fallbacks: make(map[string]func() (interface{}, error)),
healthChecks: make(map[string]func() bool),
degradedServices: make(map[string]time.Time),
config: config,
}
// Start health check routine
go gd.startHealthCheckRoutine()
return gd
}
// RegisterFallback registers a fallback function for a service
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) RegisterFallback(serviceName string, fallback func() (interface{}, error)) {
gd.mutex.Lock()
defer gd.mutex.Unlock()
gd.fallbacks[serviceName] = fallback
}
// RegisterHealthCheck registers a health check function for a service
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) RegisterHealthCheck(serviceName string, healthCheck func() bool) {
gd.mutex.Lock()
defer gd.mutex.Unlock()
gd.healthChecks[serviceName] = healthCheck
}
// ExecuteWithContext implements the ErrorRecoveryMechanism interface
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) ExecuteWithContext(ctx context.Context, fn func() error) error {
gd.RecordRequest()
// Execute with a simple wrapper
_, err := gd.ExecuteWithFallback("default", func() (interface{}, error) {
return nil, fn()
})
if err != nil {
gd.RecordFailure()
} else {
gd.RecordSuccess()
}
return err
}
// ExecuteWithFallback executes a function with fallback support
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) ExecuteWithFallback(serviceName string, primary func() (interface{}, error)) (interface{}, error) {
// Check if service is degraded
if gd.isServiceDegraded(serviceName) {
gd.LogInfo("Service %s is degraded, using fallback", serviceName)
return gd.executeFallback(serviceName)
}
// Try primary function
result, err := primary()
if err != nil {
// Mark service as degraded
gd.markServiceDegraded(serviceName)
gd.LogError("Service %s failed: %v", serviceName, err)
// Try fallback if available
if gd.config.EnableFallbacks {
gd.LogInfo("Using fallback for service %s", serviceName)
return gd.executeFallback(serviceName)
}
return nil, err
}
return result, nil
}
// isServiceDegraded checks if a service is currently degraded
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) isServiceDegraded(serviceName string) bool {
gd.mutex.RLock()
defer gd.mutex.RUnlock()
degradedTime, exists := gd.degradedServices[serviceName]
if !exists {
return false
}
// Check if recovery timeout has passed
if time.Since(degradedTime) > gd.config.RecoveryTimeout {
delete(gd.degradedServices, serviceName)
return false
}
return true
}
// markServiceDegraded marks a service as degraded
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) markServiceDegraded(serviceName string) {
gd.mutex.Lock()
defer gd.mutex.Unlock()
if _, exists := gd.degradedServices[serviceName]; !exists {
gd.LogError("Service %s marked as degraded", serviceName)
}
gd.degradedServices[serviceName] = time.Now()
}
// executeFallback executes the fallback function for a service
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) executeFallback(serviceName string) (interface{}, error) {
gd.mutex.RLock()
fallback, exists := gd.fallbacks[serviceName]
gd.mutex.RUnlock()
if !exists {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("no fallback available for service %s", serviceName)
}
gd.LogInfo("Executing fallback for degraded service %s", serviceName)
return fallback()
}
// startHealthCheckRoutine starts the background health check routine
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) startHealthCheckRoutine() {
healthCheckTask := NewBackgroundTask(
"graceful-degradation-health-check",
gd.config.HealthCheckInterval,
gd.performHealthChecks,
gd.BaseRecoveryMechanism.logger,
)
healthCheckTask.Start()
}
// performHealthChecks runs health checks for all registered services
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) performHealthChecks() {
gd.mutex.RLock()
healthChecks := make(map[string]func() bool)
for k, v := range gd.healthChecks {
healthChecks[k] = v
}
gd.mutex.RUnlock()
for serviceName, healthCheck := range healthChecks {
if healthCheck() {
// Service is healthy, remove from degraded list
gd.mutex.Lock()
if _, wasDegraded := gd.degradedServices[serviceName]; wasDegraded {
delete(gd.degradedServices, serviceName)
gd.logger.Infof("Service %s recovered from degraded state", serviceName)
}
gd.mutex.Unlock()
} else {
// Service is unhealthy, mark as degraded
gd.markServiceDegraded(serviceName)
}
}
}
// GetDegradedServices returns a list of currently degraded services
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) GetDegradedServices() []string {
gd.mutex.RLock()
defer gd.mutex.RUnlock()
var degraded []string
for serviceName := range gd.degradedServices {
degraded = append(degraded, serviceName)
}
return degraded
}
// Reset resets the state of all degraded services
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) Reset() {
gd.mutex.Lock()
defer gd.mutex.Unlock()
// Clear degraded services
gd.degradedServices = make(map[string]time.Time)
gd.LogInfo("Graceful degradation state has been reset")
}
// IsAvailable returns whether the mechanism is available for use
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) IsAvailable() bool {
return true
}
// GetMetrics returns metrics about the graceful degradation mechanism
func (gd *GracefulDegradation) GetMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
gd.mutex.RLock()
degradedCount := len(gd.degradedServices)
// Get the names of degraded services
degradedServices := make([]string, 0, degradedCount)
for service := range gd.degradedServices {
degradedServices = append(degradedServices, service)
}
// Get total count of registered fallbacks and health checks
fallbackCount := len(gd.fallbacks)
healthCheckCount := len(gd.healthChecks)
gd.mutex.RUnlock()
// Get base metrics
metrics := gd.GetBaseMetrics()
// Add graceful degradation specific metrics
metrics["degraded_services_count"] = degradedCount
metrics["degraded_services"] = degradedServices
metrics["registered_fallbacks_count"] = fallbackCount
metrics["registered_health_checks_count"] = healthCheckCount
metrics["health_check_interval_seconds"] = gd.config.HealthCheckInterval.Seconds()
metrics["recovery_timeout_seconds"] = gd.config.RecoveryTimeout.Seconds()
metrics["fallbacks_enabled"] = gd.config.EnableFallbacks
return metrics
}
// ErrorRecoveryManager coordinates all error recovery mechanisms
type ErrorRecoveryManager struct {
circuitBreakers map[string]*CircuitBreaker
retryExecutor *RetryExecutor
gracefulDegradation *GracefulDegradation
logger *Logger
mutex sync.RWMutex
}
// NewErrorRecoveryManager creates a new error recovery manager
func NewErrorRecoveryManager(logger *Logger) *ErrorRecoveryManager {
return &ErrorRecoveryManager{
circuitBreakers: make(map[string]*CircuitBreaker),
retryExecutor: NewRetryExecutor(DefaultRetryConfig(), logger),
gracefulDegradation: NewGracefulDegradation(DefaultGracefulDegradationConfig(), logger),
logger: logger,
}
}
// GetCircuitBreaker gets or creates a circuit breaker for a service
func (erm *ErrorRecoveryManager) GetCircuitBreaker(serviceName string) *CircuitBreaker {
erm.mutex.Lock()
defer erm.mutex.Unlock()
if cb, exists := erm.circuitBreakers[serviceName]; exists {
return cb
}
cb := NewCircuitBreaker(DefaultCircuitBreakerConfig(), erm.logger)
erm.circuitBreakers[serviceName] = cb
return cb
}
// ExecuteWithRecovery executes a function with full error recovery support
func (erm *ErrorRecoveryManager) ExecuteWithRecovery(ctx context.Context, serviceName string, fn func() error) error {
cb := erm.GetCircuitBreaker(serviceName)
return erm.retryExecutor.Execute(ctx, func() error {
return cb.Execute(fn)
})
}
// GetRecoveryMetrics returns metrics for all recovery mechanisms
func (erm *ErrorRecoveryManager) GetRecoveryMetrics() map[string]interface{} {
erm.mutex.RLock()
defer erm.mutex.RUnlock()
metrics := make(map[string]interface{})
// Circuit breaker metrics
cbMetrics := make(map[string]interface{})
for name, cb := range erm.circuitBreakers {
cbMetrics[name] = cb.GetMetrics()
}
metrics["circuit_breakers"] = cbMetrics
// Degraded services
metrics["degraded_services"] = erm.gracefulDegradation.GetDegradedServices()
return metrics
}
// Helper function to check if a string contains a substring (case-insensitive)
func contains(s, substr string) bool {
return len(s) >= len(substr) &&
(s == substr ||
(len(s) > len(substr) &&
(s[:len(substr)] == substr ||
s[len(s)-len(substr):] == substr ||
containsSubstring(s, substr))))
}
func containsSubstring(s, substr string) bool {
for i := 0; i <= len(s)-len(substr); i++ {
if s[i:i+len(substr)] == substr {
return true
}
}
return false
}