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// Package fuzzy provides fuzzy string matching using Levenshtein distance.
package fuzzy
import (
"sort"
"strings"
"unicode"
)
// Match represents a fuzzy match result.
type Match struct {
Text string
Distance int
Similarity float64
Score float64
}
// Matcher provides fuzzy matching capabilities.
type Matcher struct {
threshold int
}
// New creates a new fuzzy matcher with the given threshold.
// Threshold is the maximum edit distance to consider a match (typically 1-3).
func New(threshold int) *Matcher {
return &Matcher{
threshold: threshold,
}
}
// Match performs fuzzy matching of query against candidates.
func (m *Matcher) Match(query string, candidates []string) []Match {
if query == "" {
return nil
}
matches := make([]Match, 0, len(candidates)/10)
queryLower := strings.ToLower(query)
for _, candidate := range candidates {
candidateLower := strings.ToLower(candidate)
// Calculate Levenshtein distance
dist := levenshteinDistance(queryLower, candidateLower)
// Skip if distance exceeds threshold
if dist > m.threshold {
// Check if it's a substring match (important for identifiers)
if !strings.Contains(candidateLower, queryLower) {
continue
}
// Allow substring matches even if edit distance is high
}
// Calculate similarity (0.0 to 1.0)
maxLen := max(len(query), len(candidate))
similarity := 1.0 - float64(dist)/float64(maxLen)
// Calculate composite score
score := m.calculateScore(queryLower, candidateLower, dist, similarity)
matches = append(matches, Match{
Text: candidate,
Distance: dist,
Similarity: similarity,
Score: score,
})
}
// Sort by score descending
sort.Slice(matches, func(i, j int) bool {
return matches[i].Score > matches[j].Score
})
return matches
}
// calculateScore computes a composite score considering multiple factors.
func (m *Matcher) calculateScore(query, candidate string, dist int, similarity float64) float64 {
score := similarity
// Bonus for exact match
if query == candidate {
score += 2.0
}
// Bonus for prefix match (important for identifier search)
if strings.HasPrefix(candidate, query) {
score += 1.0
}
// Bonus for word boundary matches (e.g., "getName" matches "get")
if containsWordBoundary(candidate, query) {
score += 0.5
}
// Penalty for length difference (prefer similar-length matches)
lenDiff := abs(len(candidate) - len(query))
score -= float64(lenDiff) * 0.01
// Penalty for edit distance
score -= float64(dist) * 0.1
return score
}
// levenshteinDistance computes the Levenshtein distance between two strings.
// Uses the Wagner-Fischer algorithm with space optimization O(min(m,n)).
func levenshteinDistance(s1, s2 string) int {
if s1 == s2 {
return 0
}
if len(s1) == 0 {
return len(s2)
}
if len(s2) == 0 {
return len(s1)
}
// Ensure s1 is the shorter string for space optimization
if len(s1) > len(s2) {
s1, s2 = s2, s1
}
// Use rune slices to handle Unicode properly
r1 := []rune(s1)
r2 := []rune(s2)
len1 := len(r1)
len2 := len(r2)
// Only need two rows of the matrix
previous := make([]int, len2+1)
current := make([]int, len2+1)
// Initialize first row
for j := 0; j <= len2; j++ {
previous[j] = j
}
// Calculate edit distance
for i := 1; i <= len1; i++ {
current[0] = i
for j := 1; j <= len2; j++ {
cost := 1
if r1[i-1] == r2[j-1] {
cost = 0
}
current[j] = min(
previous[j]+1, // deletion
current[j-1]+1, // insertion
previous[j-1]+cost, // substitution
)
}
// Swap rows
previous, current = current, previous
}
return previous[len2]
}
// DamerauLevenshteinDistance computes Damerau-Levenshtein distance (includes transpositions).
// This is more accurate for typos where adjacent characters are swapped.
func DamerauLevenshteinDistance(s1, s2 string) int {
if s1 == s2 {
return 0
}
if len(s1) == 0 {
return len(s2)
}
if len(s2) == 0 {
return len(s1)
}
r1 := []rune(s1)
r2 := []rune(s2)
len1 := len(r1)
len2 := len(r2)
// Create distance matrix
d := make([][]int, len1+1)
for i := range d {
d[i] = make([]int, len2+1)
}
// Initialize first row and column
for i := 0; i <= len1; i++ {
d[i][0] = i
}
for j := 0; j <= len2; j++ {
d[0][j] = j
}
// Calculate distances
for i := 1; i <= len1; i++ {
for j := 1; j <= len2; j++ {
cost := 1
if r1[i-1] == r2[j-1] {
cost = 0
}
d[i][j] = min(
d[i-1][j]+1, // deletion
d[i][j-1]+1, // insertion
d[i-1][j-1]+cost, // substitution
)
// Check for transposition
if i > 1 && j > 1 && r1[i-1] == r2[j-2] && r1[i-2] == r2[j-1] {
d[i][j] = min(d[i][j], d[i-2][j-2]+cost)
}
}
}
return d[len1][len2]
}
// JaroWinklerSimilarity computes Jaro-Winkler similarity (0.0 to 1.0).
// Better for short strings and names.
func JaroWinklerSimilarity(s1, s2 string) float64 {
if s1 == s2 {
return 1.0
}
r1 := []rune(s1)
r2 := []rune(s2)
if len(r1) == 0 || len(r2) == 0 {
return 0.0
}
// Calculate Jaro similarity first
jaro := jaroSimilarity(r1, r2)
// Calculate common prefix length (up to 4 characters)
prefixLen := 0
for i := 0; i < min(min(len(r1), len(r2)), 4); i++ {
if r1[i] == r2[i] {
prefixLen++
} else {
break
}
}
// Jaro-Winkler adds bonus for common prefix
const p = 0.1
return jaro + float64(prefixLen)*p*(1.0-jaro)
}
// jaroSimilarity computes Jaro similarity.
func jaroSimilarity(r1, r2 []rune) float64 {
len1 := len(r1)
len2 := len(r2)
// Maximum allowed distance
matchDist := max(len1, len2)/2 - 1
if matchDist < 0 {
matchDist = 0
}
matched1 := make([]bool, len1)
matched2 := make([]bool, len2)
matches := 0
transpositions := 0
// Find matches
for i := range len1 {
start := max(0, i-matchDist)
end := min(i+matchDist+1, len2)
for j := start; j < end; j++ {
if matched2[j] || r1[i] != r2[j] {
continue
}
matched1[i] = true
matched2[j] = true
matches++
break
}
}
if matches == 0 {
return 0.0
}
// Count transpositions
k := 0
for i := range len1 {
if !matched1[i] {
continue
}
for !matched2[k] {
k++
}
if r1[i] != r2[k] {
transpositions++
}
k++
}
return (float64(matches)/float64(len1) +
float64(matches)/float64(len2) +
float64(matches-transpositions/2)/float64(matches)) / 3.0
}
// containsWordBoundary checks if query appears at word boundaries in text.
func containsWordBoundary(text, query string) bool {
textLower := strings.ToLower(text)
queryLower := strings.ToLower(query)
idx := strings.Index(textLower, queryLower)
if idx == -1 {
return false
}
// Check if match is at start
if idx == 0 {
return true
}
// Check for underscore or non-alphanumeric boundary
prevRune := rune(text[idx-1])
if !unicode.IsLetter(prevRune) && !unicode.IsDigit(prevRune) {
return true
}
// Check for camelCase boundary (lowercase before uppercase)
if idx > 0 && len(text) > idx {
curr := rune(text[idx])
prev := rune(text[idx-1])
if unicode.IsLower(prev) && unicode.IsUpper(curr) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Helper functions
func min(values ...int) int {
if len(values) == 0 {
return 0
}
m := values[0]
for _, v := range values[1:] {
if v < m {
m = v
}
}
return m
}
func max(values ...int) int {
if len(values) == 0 {
return 0
}
m := values[0]
for _, v := range values[1:] {
if v > m {
m = v
}
}
return m
}
func abs(x int) int {
if x < 0 {
return -x
}
return x
}